Stalin and Hitler Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stalin and Hitler - Essay Example Anyway the exploration characterizes that they were triumphant inside their nations for a broad timeframe and gives the practically identical manners by which they obtained the force that they did. Students of history have guaranteed that their triumphs could be credited to the realities that they made a case for new thoughts and political methodologies which in certainty gave them endorsement from the residents of the nations they governed over for a long time. Through the many nitty gritty reports that have been arranged after some time it is handily observed that Hitler and Stalin loathed each other tremendously however this didn't change the reality both had normal attributes (Nolte 1999). Since Stalin got concentrated on building what was apparently an industrialized domain with little respect for the individuals, the timespan he governed under was known as Stalinism (Nolte 1999). For Hitler, it has been normal information throughout recent decades, and in any event, during the hour of his decision that he was centered around socialism and forming the world into a socialist one, doing massacres on societies that discredited his standard. In this way, the hour of his initiative and control over others was delineated as, Nazism (Nolte 1999). In spite of the fact that these are two distinct sorts of mental ways of thinking they hold key components that are strikingly comparable, the principle being the hunger for power that both held, agai n with little affirmation for those individuals that they each considered underneath them. The each rose to the most elevated conceivable situation of intensity feasible in both their nations, administering with what must be named as an iron thumb. For a little while both conditioned the residents into accepting what was nothing other than bogus lies and trusts in a superior world to live in, and again for a while the individuals followed both of these pioneers enthusiastically. The three fundamental reasons the two of them had the option to pick up control over individuals, for example, this was because of their usage of purposeful publicity, their flippant perspectives, and the desire the two of them needed to pick up power on the planet (Nolte 1999). Be that as it may, it was what prompted their thrashing also, as history unmistakably appears. Since they were both known to be very talented in the usage of purposeful publicity, they had the capacity of utilizing their words to program and control others into accepting that everything that they expressed was valid. It was without a doubt through this type of intensity that they picked up the capacity to get individuals to do anything they needed, which is a reality that calls attention to the attribute of irreverence the two of them shared as a typical characteristic (Kreis 2006). It could likewise be said that because of the way that both Germany and Russia were endeavoring to recuperate from WWI, it gave the helpful possibility for these despots to have the opening to ascend to a seat of intensity in their nations in light of the fact that the residents were looking for expectation and needed to accept that an adjustment the correct way would have been conceivable. Be that as it may, rather than positivism coming out of the individuals giving endorsement for these two head s to run over their land zones, what occurred rather was a bad dream where the world that they thought was awful exacerbated because of both of these men disparaging human distinction under the

Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve

Presentation Advancements in data innovation have altogether changed the way where organizations, associations and even foundations are run all through the world. This paper sums up the issues for a situation study which rotates around reception of data innovation when contrasted with customary methods of conveying wellbeing administrations. The paper further examines a few discourses done by various experts.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Body Like numerous different foundations on the planet, Peachtree Healthcare is in the issue of updating its framework to consolidate mechanical applications. The CEO has confidence in giving the best administrations to clients. This idea makes him arrive at a trade off of supporting specific normalization of the establishment (Glaser 1). Albeit numerous territories of clinical treatment like record keeping, inoculations, would altogether p rofit by the thought, some portion of the administration has contradicting sees. Besides, different doctors accept that a change to incomplete advanced tasks would compromise the security of patients in the clinic. Max, the CEO of Peachtree Healthcare has seen issues experienced during breakdowns in different foundations and contends that such innovation required specialists so as to deal with failing frameworks and oversee critical fixes (Glaser 2). Specialists further contend that some degree of innovation would influence their conveyance of administrations, making them conflict with the Hippocratic Oath (Glaser 4). This is because of the job they play in emergency clinics and other wellbeing communities where they are for the most part accused of sparing of lives. It was additionally difficult for clinics to take part in mergers when contrasted with different types of business and friends structures which permitted blending. From the case, it is likewise certain that coordination of data innovation accompanies costs which must be brought about by the organization. Such costs generally radiate from the establishment of foundation, acquisition of required materials and gear and the charge for specialized mastery included. Another test which Peachtree Healthcare is confronted with is the way that the organization to be contracted is as yet youthful in the business and has no record of past administrations offered somewhere else. Therefore, the administration needs trust in OSA as they may give low quality services.Advertising Looking to paper on wellbeing medication? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, quantifiable expense can not be given by SOA in spite of the fact that it contends that the thought would be financially savvy than the conventional solid framework (Glaser 6). As per Halvorson, the proposed case is unsafe because of the way that it has not been tried in human services frameworks , has unsure expenses and its advantages are without a doubt questionable. In spite of the fact that the status at Peachtree Healthcare warrants a superior and progressively effective framework, Halvorson confirms this can't be sufficient purpose behind the foundation to embrace an unsafe framework which has not been tried. A comprehension of what Peachtree Healthcare tries to accomplish is significant in receiving the most reasonable bundle for the organization. A technique is subsequently basic to draw a pathway which obviously characterizes expected results of the undertaking (Halvorson 7). Halvorson takes note of that the achievement of normalization outside medicinal services isn't sufficient purpose behind the appropriation of the thought at Peachtree Healthcare. Furthermore, there is no meaningful proof that produces the requirement for the proposed normalization. The creator closes by testing Peachtree Healthcare to build up a key arrangement for the thought before embracing it. Then again, Heffner underpins the possibility of normalization as proposed by Max, the CEO of Peachtree Healthcare. He confirms that the thought is planned for expanding adaptability and viability in administration conveyance. He further notes that SOA is settled in North America, Asia and Europe with a few endeavors having embraced it. Furthermore, the vast majority of SOA clients have affirmed better outcomes dependent on experience (Heffner 9). He underpins Max’s thought, repeating how record keeping would be upgraded through the proposed normalization process. As to, he sees the way toward retrofitting more seasoned frameworks with better business interfaces to be more moderate than substitution. He sums up by suggesting SOA as the best innovative counterpart for Peachtree Healthcare. Portage takes note of that the company’s resilience to chance is obscure, which would be significant in actualizing the proposed data framework. He suggests a continuous move tow ards SOA’s heading by separating the procedure in reachable pieces. This would permit simple administration and control technique when contrasted with having an entire bundle at prior (Ford 8).Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Ford, the thought is reasonable in the event that it is embraced in a way that takes out dangers by expanding unwavering quality. He suggests the reception SOA’s come closer from a judicious methodology that holds what is as yet gainful in the framework. Kastor sees Max’s quandary as basic issue among pioneers in the human services framework intending to normalize tasks. He takes note of that a significant issue would be among more established specialists who may not be knowledgeable with innovation and a portion of the current difficulties. In spite of the fact that specialists welcome the innovation, many would turn do wn a progressively complex methodology (Kastor 10). He prescribes the need to keep up fundamental highlights at Peachtree Healthcare to permit effectiveness in network medical clinics. Determination The case presents a genuine situation that faces heads far and wide even as normalization of activities turns into a need. The two editorials see the case from different reasonable points of view with supporting proof and contention. In any case, a key arrangement is essential to layout factors which require the reception of SOA framework. Works Cited Ford, Monte. â€Å"How ought to Peachtree attempt to fix its IT framework problem?† Harvard Business Review (2007): 8. Print. Glaser, John. â€Å"Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve?† Harvard Business Review (2007): 1-6. Print. Halvorson, George. â€Å"How ought to Peachtree attempt to fix its IT framework problem?† Harvard Business Review (2007): 7. Print.Advertising Searching for exposition on wellbeing medication? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Heffner, Randy. â€Å"How ought to Peachtree attempt to fix its IT framework problem?† Harvard Business Review (2007): 9. Print. Kastor, John. â€Å"How ought to Peachtree attempt to fix its IT foundation problem?† Harvard Business Review (2007): 10. Print. This article on Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve? was composed and put together by client Lauren D. to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here. Excessively Far Ahead of the IT Curve The administration of Peachtree Healthcare needs to decide to what degree their innovations ought to be normalized. They can pick a solid data framework that will be executed in every emergency clinic and center that is right now run by Peachtree Healthcare.Advertising We will compose a custom contextual analysis test on Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yet, they can likewise embrace a Service-Oriented Architecture that will empower this association to lead a specific normalization of their innovations and significant practices. In the two cases, the organization should go through a lot of cash, yet the accomplishment of this venture can't be completely guaranteed. Along these lines, the administration should figure out which model best suits the requirements of the association. This is the fundamental inquiry that will be talked about. One of the methodologies that this association can take is finished normalization of advances and practices. This procedure can give a few advantages, for instance, cost reserve funds and better time-productivity. Consequently, they can pick a solid data framework which is a solitary arrangement of innovations and applications that will be introduced in each center or emergency clinic of Peachtree Healthcare. The primary favorable position of this methodology is that innovations and practices will be predictable all through the association. However, one should consider a few auxiliary variables. Peachtree Healthcare incorporates injury focuses, network emergency clinics, showing facilities, or restoration focuses. Accordingly, it might be hard to build up a solitary data framework that can fit the requirements of these clinical establishments. Moreover, as it has been noted for the situation study, numerous techniques can't be viably normalized. For example, drug store record keeping can be founded on the accepted procedures. However, one can't say something very similar regard ing the convention for treating various types of cancer.Advertising Looking for contextual investigation on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is one reason why complete normalization isn't generally conceivable. Aside from that, doctors ought to have the option to think about the prosperity of the patient without being constrained by measures or limitations forced from outside. Besides, the reception of a stone monument data framework will require the update of numerous business procedures, and additional preparation of the staff. Aside from that, the total update of t

Our Room (formerly, THE Sal Khans Room) is Being Converted into WiFi!

Our Room (formerly, THE Sal Khan’s Room) is Being Converted into WiFi! It all started one day in the fall semester, when Danny was in CMS.100 (Intro to Comparative Media Studies). The professor handed out teacher evaluation forms and left the classroom. Around the same time, an email got sent out to the both of us and to two others who live in a double on the third floor of Next House, specifically in Safety Third (the counterpart to our wing, Danger Third Rail). One of the two in the Safety Third double happened to be in the same CMS.100 class as Danny. As soon as the professor left the room, she turned to Danny and said, Did you get the email? Our rooms are being turned into WiFi! Welphere we are, 7 months later and in Florida, already parted ways with our room of 3 semesters, making this blog post about how, indeed, our double is one of two on the third floor in Next House being converted to some tech stuff to  improve the Next House WiFi  (that we never thought was bad in the first place?). Though it probably sounds like we are or we should be, we are actually not too salty about this, since the awesome Housing Chair and President of Next House helped us a lot during the Housing Lottery process this year to ensure that we will be able to live in a different double in 3E next year! So, to reiterate the tagline of this post, we really just find this situation amusing and are making this post just for the title. Because, according to dorm legend and confirmed by this commencement speech, our room is actually where Sal Khan lived during his time at MIT! Can you believe, we have the honor of being the last people to live in the room that housed such a success? us in a big mess t b h this is nothing no, seriously Posters our friends Karen C. 20, Nia M. 20, and Katherine C. 19 got us for our birthday! Pay close attention to the bottom right corner of both posters. The bottom right of the right poster is just iconic. If you watch Bobs Burgers, you get it, and if you dont, we highly recommend that you do, for no other reason than to understand why both Tina (the character in the poster) and the poster itself are iconic. The bottom right of the left poster needs more explanation, and some context. Context first. Every year since three years ago, MIT throws  Tent Parties in May. Tents get set up in various locations around campus, and each tent is equip with live music performances, a dance floor, and tons of really good food. A lot of people look forward to them, and rightfully so. They are, as the kids these days say, lit.  This year, the tent parties happened shortly after our birthday, so we had just received these majestic posters. On our way to the tents, Karen randomly decided to jump on Katherines back. And we all immediately realized that this was a perfect opportunity for them to pose as the giraffe and shark. So they did, we snapchatted it, and saved it. Now, explanation. We later printed that snapchat, and posted it on our wall. We did this because by the end of this semester, we were loosing a lot of motivation to work on our final projects and to study for finals. We thought that seeing a picture of our beautiful friends imitating an aquatic pirate giraffe sailing the dangerous seas on the back of a fierce shark yelling Onward! would be EXACTLY the motivation we needed. We were correct. Truly, its what got us through the end of a really rough semester. and this is our door, which slowly became more and more decked out with our media obsessions as our time in this room went by you can bet we kept all this stuff and will be pasting it on the door of our new room next year also (7)(7)(7) cause math happens here sometimes Post Tagged #CMS.100 Intro to Media Studies #Next House

Use Of Vocal Communication During Their Adolescent...

Zebra finches learn a form of vocal communication during their adolescent development; this allows these animals to be used to assess the effects of abused drugs on development of this learned behavior. In avian species it is difficult to measure drug self-administration, which is a disadvantage to the experimental study. We have worked to create a conditioned place preference method, which determines the alteration of vocal learning and alteration of reinforced properties of abused drugs. A two-sectioned chamber, separated by a divider, was constructed from standard birdcages, along with colored sidings, yellow and green, in each chamber. Pre-treatment preferences was determined by the placing of the finches in the middle of both†¦show more content†¦These results clearly demonstrate that cocaine produces a place preference in zebra finches. These results show that the reinforcing properties of abused drugs can be measure through conditioned place preference methods in zebra finches. We are currently working to clearly establish the dose-response relationship and half-maximal effective dosage of cocaine (EC50). Determination of EC50 will allow potential increasing and decreasing effects of other treatments on the reinforcing properties of cocaine to be assessed. Introduction Zebra finch songbirds have been essential for better understanding of the neurobiology regarding drug abuse (Troyer and Bottjer, 2001). Since drug abuse is a type of learned behavior, we want to know if the reinforcing properties of drugs are also altered by developmental cocaine exposure. Zebra finches are a sociable species and singing is a form of vocal communication learned during their adolescent development (Kuhl, 2003). They learn to sing by memorizing their parent’s song or an adult â€Å"tutor†. The tutor song serves as a template to evaluate the quality of the developing bird’s song (Troyer and Bottjer, 2001). This allows us to use these animals as models to study the effects of abused drugs on development of this learned behavior. We have worked to create a conditioned place preference method to determine the

Stimulus And Brand Selection - 1125 Words

This study is an attempt to fill the gaps identified in the available literature on the association of stimulus and brand selection. The present study measured the stimulus and its impact on brand selection or purchase decision in the Indian online retail. To assess this relationship, different models have been designed to investigate and measure the stimulus. For investigation purposes, a qualitative model has been developed and presented in Chapters earlier. This model prioritized the various factors of stimulus in context of the online retail. Next to this, the measurement aspect of stimulus was addressed by the development of a quantitative model shown in Chapters earlier. This model has been used to develop and validate the scale for the measurement of stimulus in the Indian online retail. The present study comprises of the following: †¢ A broad and thorough literature review has been conducted on the association of stimulus and brand purchase decision. The literature review consists of the evolution and definitions of individual, technology and societal groups and brand purchase decision, a classification of available literature, and various factors which constitute Stimulus in S-O-R model. Based on this basis of this review, gaps, and a research agenda was identified which provided a sound base to conduct the present study. †¢ A literature review of the methodologies used in this field of study was also conducted. These methodologies were Analytical Hierarchy ProcessShow MoreRelatedSummary of Chapter 6 consumer behavior830 Words   |  4 PagesPerception Sensation is the immediate and direct response of the sensory organs (5 senses) to stimuli. Sensation itself depend on energy within the environment where the perception occurs. For example: Mainly sight sound smell (SIA e.g) and a stimulus is any unit of input to any of the senses. The absolute threshold is the lowest level at which an individual can experience a sensation. 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Essay Langston Hughes - 932 Words

Langston Hughes Throughout many of Langston Hughes poetry, there seems to be a very strong theme of racism. Poems such as Ballad of the Landlord, I, Too, and Dinner Guest: Me are some good examples of that theme. The Ballad of the Landlord addresses the issue of prejudice in the sense of race as well as class. The lines My roof has sprung a leak. / Dont you member I told you about it/ Way last week? (Hughes 2/4) show the reader that the speaker, the tenant, is of a much lower class than his landlord. It also shows that the landlord could care less of what condition his building is in as long as the money is still coming in. Well, thats Ten Bucks moren Ill pay you / Till you fix this house up new. (Hughes 11/12) shows†¦show more content†¦By the 1960s it had incited a political revolt and promoted civil unrest as a literary class assignment in a Boston high school. It was reported later that the Boston high school teacher that gave the assignment was fired for doing so. 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1984 Book Report Essay Example For Students

1984 Book Report Essay 1984 -George Orwell SUNDAY, NOV 14, 1993 Summary Chapter 1 and 2 We are introduced to Winston Smith the main character of the story. Works at Ministry of truth. Ministry of truth is one of four government buildings in destroyed London, the main city of Airstrip One, a province of Oceania. Year is 1984 and three contries are at war, Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia. Oceania is run by the party whose leader is Big Brother. Winston is sick of his life in the ruined city and decides to keep a diary. This is against the law in Oceania. He felt his feelings begin to hate Emmanuel Goldstein, leader of the enemy party. He also spots OBrien, a party leader whose eyes he sees a bit of political sympthy. Sees young girl who he dislikes. He feels it is only a matter of time before his though crimes are detected. A knock at the door he thinks is police. Mrs. Parsons, his neighbor is at the door and asked him to unclog a sink. He does it but smells sweat all over the apartment. Mrs. Parsons is a follower of party doctrine and a fellow employee at the ministry. The children are members of Spies, a youth that encourages spying and telling on traitors, including parents. Winston is revolted. He returns home and writes a couple more minutes before going back to work. He remenbers a dream where OBrien tole him he would meet him in a place wher there is no darkness. He washes his hands and hides the diary Reaction Major ideas, conflicts and themes are introduced. We are shown how the earth has changed, into 3 main contenients. we are also introduced to the main character and how he fits into the new world. Also we are shown how the computer age has taken over peoples minds. The language is easy to understand, it has not really changed much over time. Seems like nothing left after nuclear war, just ruins remaining. We are introduced to Tom Parsons which Winston is contrasted with. The city is very drab. Quotes Big brother is watching you, the caption beneath it said Thoughtcrime was not a thing that could be concealed for ever. 1984 -George Orwell MONDAY, NOV 15, 1993 Summary Chapter 3,4 and 5 Waking from dreams, he remembers his mother and sister, and can barely remember their disappearence and feels responsible for there deaths. He has another dream where he is in the perfect countryside with the girl he had noticed eariler. He dreamed she stripped for him. This time he is woken up by the telescreen, telling him to do his exercises. He thinks about how much power the Party has over all information. Begins work at the ministry of truth. His job is to correct printed articles in line with the Partys orders. The Ministry and records department jobs are to rewrite history to make the party look good. They get a break because of the 2 minute hate. When he gets back he replaces a speech by Big Brother with invented history. Makes up story about a man named Ogilvy. The article had become contrary to the present party policy. It is replaced as though is never existed. Winston meets Syme, a philologist, for lunch. Syme explains parts about Newspeak. They are joined by Parsons. Winston thinks of the fate that each co-worker will recieve. Syme will be vapourized because he is to smart, where Parsons is dull enough to escape vapourization. He is the only one who has not been taken over by the propaganda that is always being brodcast. He notices the same girl from the other day starring at him and thinks it is the thought police. Reaction The Golden country that he dreams about is definatly a release or a freedom from the the drabness of London. Also from the party. We are introduced to the fact that he has no mother or father or sisters or brothers anymore because they were taken by the party. He is realizing that he is rebelling against the party and he understands that he is at risk. Winston is in search of the truth and is concerned because of the partys ability to change history. We find that he likes his work even though it is for the party and against morals. He is introduced to the girl that will play a big part in the book most likely. Quotes People in the Records Department did not talk readily about there jobs. Winstons greatest pleasure in life was his work 1984 -George Orwell TUESDAY, NOV 16, 1993 Summary Chapter 6,7 and 8 He records in his diary and encounter a couple of years ago with a prostiture mad up to look young, but was really and old woman. This menory of the encounter causes him to think of the policy regarding sex and marriage which the party has enforced. Thsi causes him to theink of his miserable life with his wife Katherine, that he has not seen in eleven years. Winston resents the intrusinon of the Party into the sex lives of its members. Also realizes the discouragement of sexual enjoyment, that makes any love affair with a party member impossible. Writing down the incident does not help him. He makes another entry in his diary, this one concerning the proles. He feels they are the only group that might overthrough the party, but they are unaware of it. There is no way of finding the truth about the past but he does think that present life is worse than the past. He remembers a photo that came into his possession trying to change the pastbut he destroyed it. He plans to stay free. After work one evening, he wonders into the prole end of London, and ends up near the store where he bought the diary. Follows man into pub and plans to ask him about revolution but man is incoherent. He leaves the pub and wanders. He ends up outside the little antique shop and decides to buy a glass paperweight. Mr. Charrington shows him a room upstairs and Winston dreams of renting it. Con Air Worldview Essay When they awake from there sleep they start talking, but a voice issues from behind the picture on the wall. It is a hidden telescreen which instructs them not to move. They are rushed by armed guards. The Thought Police had been observing them all along. Winston and Julia are violently seperated. Mr. Charrington enters the room without his disquise, looking much younger. He is a menber of the thought police. Reaction Winston thinks of OBrein as a strong, unexcitable man. He is dedicated and wholeheartyu to the brotherhood. Winston joins the brotherhood and tells about his dreams. We understand about hate week a little more. Winston reads the book that is given to him by OBrien. Winston and Julia get arrested. They find out that OBrien was the enemy. There was a sorta feeling that OBrien was the bad guy, and they would get cought sonner or later. Quotes He was a bit early The lane widened, and in a minute he came to the footpath she had told him of 1984 -George Orwell SATURDAY, NOV 20, 1993 Summary Part 3 Chapter 1 and 2 Winston is being held prisoner in a large, crowded cell at the Ministry of Love. Ampleforth and Parsons are both prisoners also. Parsons was tured in by his own daughter for thoughtcrime. He feels increased discomfort and room 101 is continually mentioned by several prisoners. OBrien enters the cell with a guard and Winston now realized he has been betrayed by him. OBrein is a member of the Inner Party. OBrien orders the guard to strike Winston who feels a great deal of pain on his elbow. Winston is tortured both physically and mentally for an unknown length of time. He keeps getting interrogated with beations and questions until he confesses to many crimes. OBrien reveals that he has been watching Winston for seven years. OBrein wants total rehab. from Winston. OBrien explains why the party can never be defeated. He has been informed that Julia quite easily betrayed him and has now been released totally rehabilitated. Winstons questions about room 101 is not answered. Reaction Finally he is caught by the thought police, which was inevidable since the beginning. He realizes that he has been betrayed by Julia and OBrien. But he says he would never betray her. All time is lost while he is in jail. We is going to be rehabilitated and is taken to the dreded 101 for more mind games. Winston does not crack, except that OBrien gets him to believe is a little crasy. Quotes Listen the more men you have had the more I love you We can come here once again 1984 -George Orwell SUNDAY, NOV 21, 1993 Summary Chapter 3 and 4 OBrien tells Winston th esecond stage of his rehab. is about to begin- understanding the why in party. He also tells winston that he wrote sections of Goldstiens book. He says the Party rules for the sake of power, and power alone. The proles will never revolt. OBrein questions him further and punishes him when he does not answer correctly. Winston says he is morally superior to the Party, but OBrien has a tape of the conversation about what Winston was willing to do to join the brotherhood. Winston thinks that the party will be defeated by a noble man, but OBrien shows Winston himself in the mirror. Winston weeps looking at his own aged and ghastly body. He conforts himself by thinking about how he never betrayed Julia. Winstons health is improving, and he is trying to accept the rightness of the party. He examines the past events and realilizes the party was in control the whole time. He realizes also that he party can make anything right if is wants to. He has to practice doublethinking. He wakes up from a troubled sleep, calling Julias name. OBrien enters his room and Winston confesses that he still hates Big Brother. He is sent to room 101. Reaction He had also looked to OBrien for sanity and stength and kindness but now he sees what he really is a power-hungry guy who likes infliction of pain. He finds out he has been watched for 7 years. After being broken or cracked he still has the fact that he has not turned against Julia. They completely destroyed Winston and he has now entered the party. Quotes Have you heard the rumours of the existance of the brotherhood. The brotherhood cannot be wiped out because it is not an orgainization in the ordinary sense He was tired, but not sleepy any longer 1984 -George Orwell MONDAY, NOV 22, 1993 Summary Chapter 5 and 6 The torture room is brightly lit, room 101. OBrien says that the room contains the worst thing in the world. It turns out to be rats in a cage which can be strapped over his face. Winston yells and screems and is overcome by the horror and the terror. He screams that this punnishment should be given to Julia and not him. OBrien spares his life. Winston is then released. He is sitting under a tree at the Chestnut Tree Cafe. He drinks very heavily now. He remembers meeting Julia and how they talked about how they betrayed each other. The party would not allow them to see each other, but neither felt anything anymore. He remembers a game of his childhood but then it is pushed out by the broadcast that comes on the telescreen. Eurasia is once again the enemy. His heart fills with love for Big Brother. Reaction The party knows the worse nightmare of each person and is ble to use that against them. It worked on Winston. Finnally he gives in and the party has won. Quotes He did not attempt to kiss her, nor did they speek He loved Big Brother

Aminah Karim Essays - Gender Studies, Feminism, Gender, Structure

Aminah Karim SOC 121-099WB Professor Behn January 13, 2016 Power is the ability to influence others. Anyone can have power. There are many different ways to have power. You can have power through persuasion, charisma, law, political activism, and coercion. It comes as a result of social relationships or whom you know. On the other hand, authority is power that is perceived by others as legitimate and that is structured into specific social instructions. Authority can come from a person or group that exercises power but believe that their power is legitimate. An example of authority would be a king or queen. They have authority because they control what goes on in their kingdom. The institution that embodies the official power system is the state. The state refers to all of the institutions hat represent official power and authority in society. Institutions that represent the state are the government, military, courts, police, and the law. All of these social institutions are male dominated institutions. Feminists see the state as a gendered institution. There are two primary theoretical models that have been used to explain how the state operates. First is the pluralism model. This model says that the state tries to balance out the different interest groups in society. Examples of interest groups are the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force, Planned Parenthood, and the National Organization for Women. The other model is known as the power elite. In this model, a powerful ruling class controls the action of the state, such as the executive branch in the government and the military. There is a strong alliance between the government and corporate businesses. This means that the government makes all large decisions that have to do with major corporations. Feminists argue that the state only reflects on men's interests, not only because men make up a majority of the groups, but also they are the leaders of most of the major interest groups that influence the workings of the state. The study of law is extremely important in feminist analysis. Women feel that the law is both a source for the denial of women's rights and one of the categories that women have wanted to address women's equality. Women's positions in the law have changed juristically over the years, but are still small. Some laws provide equal treatment for men and women. We all know that doesn't exist. The government tries to justify for this by using the rape law. This is the law where women most likely have all of the power. You are not even allowed to bring up a women's past sexual history during her rape case. Somehow while a woman is on trial she is still sexualized. Feminists study of the law have criticized the gender basis of the law. Gender gap refers to the differences in womens and mens political behavior and political attitudes. Women are more likely than men to hold and support liberal views. Women are also more likely to vote as democrats. The gender gap is the widest involving something like gun control. Of course most women are going to agree with gun control because they are going to want peace. Women can change their standing in the law by trying to increase their representation in the government. If they do this, there will be more equal opportunities for women. Women tend to be mostly associated with education, health, and welfare. If women were active in all areas instead of focusing on a few main important issues, they could change their standing.

Best banking choices for students

Best banking choices for students Important facts for students to select a bank Nowadays it is so great that we have such diverse choice of banks. The banking system and variety of options offer students a lot of possibilities that provide financial freedom. But the questions of that sort should be treated very carefully, since only one wrong step can result in big debts or higher interests. While making choice, one should work out his/her own strategy and think over what bank and what exactly options required. Of course, there are a lot of bank institutions, but you should identify those, which have the most favorable offers for you as a student. They have different options for various targeted groups, filtrate carefully those, which can be of your concern. Short term overdrafts to pay for your custom essays or long term cooperation with setting up a deposit account: decide what you need. We provide for you some other factors you should take into account, before getting involved into financial cooperation. Consider suggestions and free options carefully Attracted by favorable free options of some banks? Of course, they know what they are doing. But do not get trapped! Free short lasting suggestions soon end and you can be faced with less profitable variants of financial service. Thus, having made certain sum of money, you can be looking for the suitable circumstances of saving account opening. Do not forget to monitor the interest rate you will earn within certain period at several banking houses and select that one, which will bring you the biggest profit. Do not fall for free MP3 downloads or few-days free Wi-Fi options if you lose in the interest rate. That is not worth it. Overdraft: amount, limit and interest. Most likely reason people partner with bank is for sure overdraft. Find out what is the maximally possible amount of overdraft, which you can receive as a student. Also ask about the necessity of exceeding limit and the interest it results in. Discover all details and consider all facts. Thus, there are a lot of banks, which offer interest-free overdrafts for students for couple of years and it is really great opportunity for you. One more thing you should bear in mind is that banks will not certainly provide you with the maximal announced sum of the overdraft. Most often it is available only for students of the final year, who have eligible credit rating. So if they say that the maximal possible overdraft is up to  £2,000, there is no guarantee that you will obtain this sum. The repayment procedure It is great if you manage to return the overdraft in time within the interest-free period. But the time spins away and one day you can discover that you are obliged to pay interest charges. That is why before taking overdraft consider all details of the repayment procedure. You should know the exact date when you should return the money and confirm if it should be during the university studies or is supposed to be after graduation. Find out all the details for all the possible scenarios of this financial situation, so that you can be sure that you will be in an advantageous position in any case. Gain the credit rating Starting with small overdrafts, step by step you develop and elaborate your relationships with bank. Such kinds of relationships and partnering result in credit rating. Credit rating is an estimate of your income, borrowed amount and spending history. It is a score, which you receive from bank from the point of view of risk and your financial eligibility. Having trustworthy credit rating you can receive the bigger overdraft amount or gain other favorable options. Think, learn and make your choice being very attentive or even pedantic. We know that this is not much likely for students to give much attention to such boring questions, but the financial concerns are those which definitely should not be neglected.

A world without words reflection Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A world without words reflection - Coursework Example Unfortunately it’s the doctors’ or rather clinicians’ views that are reflected which paints this children as dormant and damaged. Both clinicians and direct care staff are involved in the social construction process of these children but programs by clinicians are not adequate for their needs since they do not know them well or on a close personal level. Though the direct-care staff reports are more accurate, no one has ever considered these children as children first1. Like the use of electric shock to deter a kid from stealing food from other children’s’ plate is crude and an animal like training2. After reading through this article, we learn that choices made by these children should be considered when designing rehabilitation programmes for them because through this one understands these children’s life, challenges, choices and preferences and thus one is able to help them

Understanding Organized Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Understanding Organized Crime - Essay Example Organized crime has existed in the ancient world with bands of pirates and thieves attacking remote areas of the countryside. Crime in the ancient world was mostly prevalent in the rural areas because of the remoteness and wilderness of these regions. Thugs were considered to be one of the earliest organized crimes which operated in India. Piracy was a recurrent problem that plagued the ancient world as ships carrying goods and people were attacked and plundered (Albanese, 2003). The nobility in the middle ages displayed characteristics that were typical organized criminals. Their domination and subordination of the modes of production, legal structure, and armies ensured that they could repress and violently engage in criminal activities. Modern criminal gangs began to appear in the urban areas. Ethnic minorities living in countries like the United States set up their own gangs which engaged in criminal activities. Organized crime has become sophisticated because of the advent of te chnologies like the internet to perpetrate their crimes (Albanese, 2003). Organized criminal groups flourish in areas where they have local support. Criminal members use a number of tactics to influence businesses, police, and legal establishment in order to maintain their activities. Blackmail and bribery are some of the methods which are used to intimidate or scare opponents. Criminal groups have shown remarkable resilience in their ability to respond to crisis (Berdal, 2002). They have shown amazing ability to adapt according to changing situations. New opportunities are quickly grasped with the criminal group moving into the market. Modern organized crime uses the internet, shadowy bank accounts, and links with other groups to engage in illegal activities. Internet fraud and stealing of information are some of the newest activities promoted by organized criminal groups. The internet makes it safe for criminal

History Of Fairness And Ethics Business Essay

History Of Fairness And Ethics Business Essay Fairness is a very broad concept which requires scholars to define the term fairness comprehensively and clearly because the term fairness is a dimension, meaning it is conceptual and we cannot use our senses to know what does the term actually means or set the boundary of the term. Therefore, we need to scholars to define the term and as more scholars define the term, the clearer or precise the definition will be. Taylor (1975, p. 109) defined fairness as inquisition into the character and area of morality which included rules of conduct, moral judgments and standards. Rawls (1971, p. 194) define fairness as the understanding of other peoples need. Aristotle (1968, p. 140) defines as equals should be treated equally and unequally. Plato (1974, p. 181) defines as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the requirement we laid down at the beginning as of universal application when we founded our state, or else some form of it. We lay down; if you remember and have often repeated that in our state, one man wa s to do one job, he was naturally most suited for. Cooke (2011, p. 84) defined fairness as peoples position in society which able to determine by factors within their control. From the definitions above, we can conclude that fairness is derived from several variables. Therefore, fairness consists of variables where the single variable is unable to define the term as a whole. Therefore, when the variables add up, it forms or creates the term. We can observe that the dimensions of fairness consist of needs, equal and morality. Hence, we can conclude that fairness requires the equality in the way peoples are treated and the difference in treatment are based on morally justifiable reasons such as need, effort or merit (Velasquez, Andre, Shanks Meyer, 1996). There are several types of fairness from the concept of fairness which are distributive fairness, procedural fairness and interactional fairness and Hornibrook, Fearne and Lazzarin (2009) suggested that if these three aspects of fairness are perceived positively, it will reflect to the organizational outcomes. Types of fairness 1.1 Distributive fairness Distributive fairness, a theory based on writings of John Rawls, has a major focus of distributing assets fairly among a dynamic and diverse group of members from a community. Rawls argues that everything must be done in an act of achieving fairness throughout and he did not want anything to be done that may hurt or damage another person. For example, Rawls (1971) felt that throughout a society, every demographic should be allowed the same treatment and goods as any other. Issues of distribution are pervasive in society, existing in any situation where there is an exchange type of relationship (Deutsch, 1985). Velasquez et al. (1996) refers distributive justice as the extent to which societys institutions ensure that benefits and burdens are distributed among societys members in ways that are fair and just. When the institutions of a society distribute benefits or burdens in unjust ways, there is a strong presumption that those institutions should be changed. For example, the American institution of slavery in the pre-civil war South was condemned as unjust because it was a glaring case of treating people differently on the basis of race. There are four specific principles of distributive fairness that can be considered in situations involving the distribution of material goods and resources, especially those that are scarce (Munson, 2004). The principle of equality requires that all benefits and burdens be distributed equally. The advantage to this concept of fairness is that everyone is entitled to an equal share of resources. However the principle becomes problematic when not everyone is perceived as equally deserving of an equal share. The second principle is the principle of need, which suggests that resources should be distributed based on need so that those with greater need will receive a greater share. In theory, this supports the principle of equality in that everyone will end up with the same share of goods. A problem occurs from this principles is the question of exactly what material goods and resources we are entitled to. Definitive agreement has not been reached in this society as to whether health care is such a good although Lamont (2002) argued that the poor should receive the same health care as the rich. The third principle is the principle of contribution which maintains that persons should benefit in proportion to their individual contribution. Those who contribute proportionately more to the production of goods should receive proportionately more goods in return. Finally, the principle of effort similarly recognizes the degree of effort made by an individual as the determining factor in the proportion of goods to be received. Obvious difficulties with these principles lie in defining the exact nature and impact of a contribution and accounting for the inherent differences in the outcomes of individual efforts regardless of the amount of effort spent. In organizations, distributive fairness affects performance when efficiency and productivity are involved (Charash Spector, 2001). According to Honans (1961) fairness in organizations concerns with distributive fairness that is, the manner in which organizational resources are distributed among personnel (Freedman Montanari, 1980; Leventhal, 1980) and on employees reactions to those resource distributions (Greenberg, 1982). Furthermore, performance appraisal and salary are some of the important determinants of employees perceived fairness (Lawler, 1971). Similarity, Chang and Hahn (2006) define distributive fairness as the perceived fairness of the quantity of compensation that employees get. Hence, in a business relationship, distributive fairness is based on the evaluation of the outcomes or results (Ferrell, 2010). The outcomes or results in distributive fairness may be tangible such as salary as well as intangible such as praise. Perceptions of distributive fairness can be fostered when outcomes are perceived to be equally applied (Adams, 1965). According Adams (1965) people compare the ratio of their own outcomes such as salary or promotion and inputs such as effort or qualification and make compare with others (Greenberg, 1982). On the other hand, when people perceive or expect fairness to occur, they may react positively towards the organization and recommend the organization to others, thus building on the positive image of the organization as a potential employer as well as an organization as a whole (Hà ¼lsheger Anderson, 2009). When an organization is perceived to be distributively just, employees tend to support of the organization by doing tasks outside the scope of their job description (Charash Spector, 2001; Karriker Williams, 2009) or in other word, improving perceptions of fairness increases performance (Karriker Williams, 2009). On the other hand, perceptions of distributive fairness are also strongly related also to the withdrawal of employees from the organization (Charash Spector, 2001) and the relationship between effort invested and outcome received often results in legal issues which can damage an organizations image (Anderson, 2004; Anderson, 2011; Anseel, 2011). If employee found out that he or she is being treated unfairly, he or she will be unmotivated to do the work. Suliman (2007) once said that, organizations that distributed the resources unfairly will create argument, disrespect and mistrust among them. It is because employees perceptions on distributive fairness are mainly based on comparisons with colleagues. If the comparison comes out with positive result, they will feel positive toward the organization management. Hence, the organization performance will be improved. However, if the comparison is negative, the outcome will become negative too. Therefore, managers must notice employees perceptions on distributive fairness as well as procedural fairness since these two dimensions play a main role related to intentions to quit and job dissatisfaction (Dailey Kirk, 1992). It is very important to make employees feel in part of the decision making when amending appraisal and reward systems. Organization can seek for employees opinion when making the changes to show respect to employees. 1.2 Procedural fairness According to Leventhal (1980, p. 156) procedural fairness is define as ones perception of the fairness of procedure components of the system that coordinate allocation process. Rawls (1971) argues that the procedure used is pivotal to the outcome reached and if fair procedure is utilized, principles of justice based on fairness and equality will be an inevitable result. The procedure is referring to the means whereby various ends are attained. Whether the outcomes are pay raises to be distributed to employees, labor disputes to be settled, or performance evaluations to be recorded, a key determinant of these decisions involves how they are made (Folger Greenberg, 1985). In short, procedural fairness concerns about the processes through which decisions are made from (Thibaut Walker, 1975). Thus, this concept is opposite of distributive fairness, which is concerned with the perceived fairness of the content and consequences of those decisions (Walker, Lind Thibaut, 1979). Forret and Love (2007) define procedural fairness as the perceived fairness of an organizations procedures and policies used to determine an individuals outcomes. It influences a wide range of human behaviors, perceptions, emotions, and across diverse social settings. Leventhal (1980, p. 160) define procedural fairness as ones perception of the fairness of procedure components of the system that coordinate allocation process. Leventhal (1980) and Forret and Love (2007) have identified several similar criteria and perception of procedural fairness. Viewpoints of procedural fairness are related to employees morale and trust and they are characterized by solidity in the procedures, accuracy of the information, and free of bias (Forret Love, 2007). Leventhal (1980) classify six criteria of perception of procedural fairness which are procedures are fair when they are consistency, bias minimization, accurate information, consist of technology gadget for wrong decisions correction, maintain usual concept of morality and the last is it is representative. Procedural fairness has been found that it able to increase the feelings of being appreciated. Hence, it is very important that procedural fairness is perceived positively in order to an organization to achieve maximum productivity and its strategic goals (Prooijen, 2009). If there is unfair procedures occurred, trust between the employees and company will be low, and therefore employees will have low commitment and motivation (Cremer, 2005). An organization who wants to have positive outcomes should have a good perception of procedural fairness. Research has showed that there are few benefits of procedural fairness for organizations. A good perception of procedural fairness creates positive attitudes toward management control and hence produces a number of good behavioral reactions (Collett, 2008). It is important for an organization especially in performance appraisal to create harmony among employees in order to increase organization performance. Organizational researchers found that procedures are perceived to be more fair when affected individuals have an opportunity to either influence the decision process or offer input (Thibaut Walker, 1975; Gilliland, 1993; Muhammad, 2004). The decision making can be included in salary determination or promotion of employees. If procedural fairness is used in salary determination, it will eventually improve the ability of organization to manage the salary determination process effectively (Cloutier Volhuber, 2007). Bagdadli, Roberson and Paoletti (2006) said that fair promotion decisions influence feelings of organizational commitment of employees. By other words, organizations are able to keep employee commitment when promotion decision making involve procedures fairness and employees will perceive it to be fair. For example, Wainwright Bank and Trust Corporation in Boston have made a commitment to promoting fairness to all stakeholders by providing a sense of inclusion and diversity that extends from the boardroom to the mail room. In other words, the bank uses method of procedural fairness to establish positive stakeholder relationships by promoting understanding and inclusion in the decision making process. Furthermore, Gilliland (1993) states that perceptions of procedural fairness are influenced by the extent to which procedural rules are satisfied or violated. Procedural rules, listed by Leventhal (1980) suggest that in order to be fair decisions should be made consistently; without personal biases, with as much accurate information as possible, with interest of affected individuals represented in a way that is compatible with their ethical values, and with an outcome that can be modified. Other researchers have suggested additional rules such as the importance of two-way communication (Greenberg, 1986). . 1.3 Interactional fairness Interactional fairness is defined by sociologist John R. Schermerhorn (2006, p. 140) as the degree to which the people affected by decision are treated by dignity and respect when executing procedures and determining outcomes. Therefore, the quality of interpersonal treatment that people receive from authorities during the decision-making procedures is very important (Bies Moag, 1986; Greenberg, 1993). In other word, interpersonal fairness reflects the degree to which people are treated with politeness, dignity, and respect by authorities and third parties involved in executing procedures or determining outcomes (Colquitt, 2001; Kickul Troth, 2003; Janssens, Sels Brande, 2003).This concept focuses on explanations provided to the people that convey information about why procedures were used in a certain way or why outcomes were distributed in a certain fashion (Greenberg, 1993). The assessment of organizational practices and behavior of authority in terms of fairness does not usually depend on how fairly the employee was actually treated, but rather on how fairly the employee perceives that he or she was treated (Greenberg, 1990). Perceptions of interactional fairness play a role in the determination of employees work attitudes and behavior (Cohen Spector, 2001; Colquitt, Conlon, Wesson, Porter Yee, 2001). According to Greenberg (1993) interactional fairness can be broken down into two fairness which are interpersonal fairness and informational fairness. Interpersonal focuses on treating people with dignity and respect while informational fairness deal with the justifications provided to people. There are four factors that affect perception of employees on fairness of the interpersonal treatment get from the organization (Narcisse Harcourt, 2008). These factors are the organization is unreliable, interfere employee privacy, make offensive judgments and disrespectful to employees (Narcisse Harcourt, 2008). The explanation for interactional fairness in the workplace is grounded in social exchange theory and norm of reciprocity (Cropanzano Mitchell, 2005). From the social exchange perspective, employees expect fair, honest, and truthful treatments from the organization or its agents. Based on the norm of reciprocity, employees who perceive fair treatments by authorities are more likely to evidence positive actions through greater commitments to the values and goals of the organizations, exhibit increased job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behaviors, improved job performances and reduced withdrawal behaviors (Cohen Spector, 2001; Colquitt et. al., 2001). Research on psychological contract indicated that employees expect their employers to provide pleasant work environment that supports harmonious working relationships (Kickul Troth, 2003). Because of the importance of good quality social exchange relationships in workplaces, organizations strive to encourage supervisors and employees to willingly interact with each other. However, regular supervisor-subordinate social exchange relations are important in influencing desirable individual and organizational outcomes (Becker, Billings, Eveleth Gilbert, 1996; Zdaniuk Levine, 2001; Raabe Beehr, 2003). Muzumdar (2011) found that the organizational commitment (loyalty) and work satisfaction are the most affected variables of the interactional fairness system. This showcases that the treatment by a supervisor directly influences the variables of loyalty and work satisfaction of an individual employee. Reward satisfaction is the least affected variable by the treatment by a supervisor. As such, being rewarded could be a reduction in the influence of the treatment given by the supervisor on the employee. In the business relationship, interactional fairness is based on evaluating the communication processes used. Because interaction fairness is linked to fairness in communication, it often involves the individuals relationship with the business organization through the accuracy of the information the organization provides. Employees can also be guilty in interactional fairness disputes. For example, many employees admit that they stay at home when they are not really stick if they feel they can get away from it. Such workplace absenteeism costs businesses millions of dollars each ear. Being untruthful about the reasons for missing work is an example of an interactional fairness issue. Part B: Origin According to Dr. Angie Hobbs (2010) fairness started to appear in the ancient Greece where Plato raised the debate on justice, but a lot of issues that were raised are the same issue with fairness. In the dialogue, Plato challenged the Athens democrats by saying that it is fair or just by having the same equal voices in the democratic Athens and also goods and power should also be shared equally. However, against Platos concept is the oligarchy thinkers who debated that equal voices, goods, or power should be shared proportionally, whether proportional to marriage or statuses in the society. Thus, there should be no equal shares exist in the oligarchys concept. There are several scientific researches on fairness to date. Dr Waal found that the sense of fairness might be developed in our genes naturally. Primatologist Frans de Waal and his team found that our closes mammal, chimpanzees do have the same human senses of fairness. This is because there are concrete evidences in evolution that argues chimpanzees are sensitive to unequal distribution of outcomes. Teamwork is shown during hunting, defending territory and distributing foods (Boesch, 1994; Muller Mitani, 2005). A clear illustration of sensitivity of chimpanzees in fairness is when the chimps refused to participate in an experiment where their partner received more rewards for the same accomplishment and also refused to accept better rewards when partner receive less (Brosnan, Schiff Waal, 2005). The advantage of using chimpanzees is humans cannot ask questions to them, thus by observing their behavior, we can know their decision. In animal kingdom, fairness and reciprocity elements are also found, not just in human societies. There are many animals such as zebras, deer, and wolves survive in groups by unity or reciprocity where empathy and teamwork is essential survival mechanism, just like humans as humans are highly cooperative species. (Waal, 2012) The second scientific research on fairness is done by archaeologist  Brian Hayden who  excavated an ancient settlement in British Columbia near Keatley Creek and  uncovered evidence indicating that two distinct classes lived within large  pit houses  that sheltered several families under one roof. Hayden supports Waals research by showing that inequality grew out of the natural variability in human personality traits, among which are inclinations to be greedy or to share. He found that self-serving individuals were presented with new opportunity with the availability of surpluses of resources in Keatley Creek. They exploited the extra resources to their favor, raising the survival odds of themselves and their successors and simultaneously accumulate wealth and power in societies. Thus, phenomenon enables the rich to redefine the meaning of fairness in the society economically and politically and this process is the repeating itself around the globe, explaining how power has been distributed (Hayden, 2012). The importance of fairness and ethics to organization and its effects on the organization performance Fairness is important in organizations because there are a lot of benefits by practicing the concept in the organizations. The first benefit is the practices of fairness are proven to be able to increase profitability. This is because the connection between fairness and profitability is proven to have positive correlation with each other (Donaldson, 2003). Research found that fairness in organization responsibility is able to increase corporate financial performance (Allouche Laroche, 2005). Thus, it can be considered as one of the manipulative variable on profitability because fairness and profitability can be the source of major competitive advantage (McMurrian Matulich, 2011). The competitive advantage is referred to higher levels of efficiency in operations, having firm relationship with the stakeholders and higher levels of customer loyalty and retention (Ferrell 2004). Another importance and effects of fairness in organization is able to produce high quality of employees as the role of fairness in the workplace can impact heavily on the employees attitude and behavior (Greenberg, 1990; Cropanzano Greenberg, 1997; Colquitt, Conlon, Wesson, Porter, Ng, 2001). Hence, organizations that practice high value of fairness and justice are able to produce better individual work performance (Cohen Spector, 2001; Colquitt et al., 2001). Furthermore, these individuals tends to have greater job satisfaction which is very important to increase revenue growth and profitability (Heskett, James, Earl Leonard, 1997) as high level of job satisfactions are able to generate higher levels of loyalty and subsequently showed by the customers behavior such as repeat purchases and referrals of additional customers (Robert Erika, 2006). The importance of the fairness and ethics and its effects on society and in general According to Al-Hassar (2010) found that fairness is the final outcome of the process of the law, whereby fairness is distributed by the State. Based on this definition, fairness is the mechanical process of the structure of law which mean set in place and agreed to by the people of the State. Another definition is concerned with the value inherent in fair behavior. One distinction between these two definitions is the difference between an individual viewpoint and the larger view of the society. Either view incorporates the concept of moral judgment: good as opposed to bad (Al-Hassar, 2010). Unfairness in our society can be seen in the execution of criminals and whenever there is an execution, the morality of capital punishment usually causes heated debate (Al-Hassar, 2010) although many people believe that the death sentence discourages those who might commit horrible crimes. To these people, they feel that since life is precious, the death penalty helps to affirm this fact. However, Richard (2011) define that a majority of countries in the world has now abandoned the use of the death penalty and he state that a civilized society has no right to put another person to death especially when there is a lack of strong evidence. Most of the industrialized world has abolished the death sentence, because they consider it barbaric. Instead, barbaric or not, the law of the land must be followed even if we do not like the death penalty. Moreover, the officers of the law must always avoid errors of sentencing based on skin color, poverty, class, and political gain. If we create a society in which fairness is not tolerated and racism at play then more incidents of state killing will continue and the law of jungle will take place (Al-Hassar, 2010). In ancient Greece, fairness was believed to be derived from the order of society-a good society fostered fairness, and fairness fostered a good society. According to Plato (2000) fairness is the bond that holds a society together. Both individualism and personal rights had little to do with the Platonic conception of fairness those appeals even today to collectivists who emphasize the social context of fairness. Fairness was seen as the supreme virtue with respect to our relations with others. Al-Hassar (2010) also state that fairness must be distributed equally to all members of society in order to live in harmony and peace. Judicial and police officers must not use the law as a shield to insulate their racism, hatred, and political gain. In the eye of the law, fairness must not differentiate between the poor and rich, the weak and the strong. To solve the poverty problem, the state should spend more money on education, employment, and child welfare. The state must give the individual his rightful place of dignity as a free man equal to all his fellow men where he shall have the right to live under a rule of law based on a sense of obligation. In that society, respect for law must be the cohesive force holding it together and not mere obedience based on surrender to the weapons of state power. Relevant Theories Ethics is closely related to fairness. Ethics studies are focused on how an employees beliefs influence their perception of fairness in the organization. Research on fairness is also concerned with how the situation will influences an employees perception in the organization (Schminke, Ambrose Noel, 1997). According to Greenberg (1990) people who have experienced being treated unfairly would be more likely to taking some unethical behavior to the organization. For example, if employees perceived that they are being treated unfairly such as pay cut and they will probably taking some unethical behavior such as steal from the organization. Employees who perceive unfairness in the workplace will look for opportunities to increase their own benefit in their own ways and may shift to unethical conduct in order to balance the unfairness that have been done to them (Trevino Weaver, 2001). According to Gartenstein (n.d.) ethical human resource policies are also vital when creating and maintaining an ethical culture in an organization. Employees who are treated fairly are more likely to be satisfied with their works. When employees feel that they are being treated unfairly, they will prone to explicit some unethical behavior such as using company resources for personal gain. However, when they are fairly compensated for their work, they will contribute more to the organization and less taking opportunities to exploit situations for personal gain. On the other hand, when employees perceived that they are being treated fairly such as when top management fairly distribute the resources, they have the intension to preserve well-being of their organization (Manrique, 2010) and reduce their own interest to the organization (Lind Tyler, 1998). Furthermore, their behaviors also tend to be ethical and in line with the organizations expectations (McCain, Tsai Bellino, 2010). Trevino and Weaver (2001) agree that there is a strong relationship between employee perceived general fair treatment and ethics-related outcomes in an organization. Their study shows that if employees believe that their organization generally treats them fairly, those unethical behaviors will significantly decrease. According to Trevi (2001), employees perceptions of being treated fairly not only reduce a broad range of unethical behaviors that may harm the organization, but it can also increase their positive behaviors. For example, employees are willing to cooperate with organization to achieve the organizations goals by reporting ethical problems to management. The values that shape an organization to be ethical will influence the relationships between the organizations with its customers. An ethical organization will train employees to treat their customers with respect and to be fair with them. For example, when employees know that such ethical behaviors as an important part of customer services, they will understand the strength of the organizations obligation to those behaviors. Hence, they will more likely to perform their work accordingly because ethical behavior can inspire fairness (Gartenstein, n.d.).

Asian Essay -- essays research papers

Asian Financial Institutions and Markets The Asian financial markets can be compared to the economic philosophy of mercantilism, which is regulated commerce to produce a favorable balance of trade. Governments regulate production techniques to ensure the quality of exports, and in general, subsidize production in their exporting industries. Tariffs can be high on imported manufactured goods and low on imported raw materials. The state exercises much control over economic life in these environments, chiefly through corporations and trading companies. Production is carefully regulated with the object of securing goods of high quality at a low cost, thus enabling the nation to hold its place and wealth in foreign markets.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Asian countries have practiced mercantilism and protectionism under the guise of complex wholesale and retail marketing systems (Baker 13). The economic performance of the four Asian economies – Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan can be attributed to some of these practices. There is a significant degree of overlap between the government and the markets, suggesting that a broad-based approach is useful in understanding the nature of the Asian economy (Chowdhury 42). The government can control and regulate the financial system in order to finance development activities. The government acts as an internal capital market funding business sectors and industries. From a historical perspective, Korea was one of the poorest countries in world after experiencing two wars, World War II and Korean War. Food shortages that led them to heavily rely on the foreign aid, and to a yearly per capita income below the poverty level, this country is considered a successful newly industrializing economy. Korea has been transformed from its underdeveloped agricultural economy to a leading newly industrializing country. Countries that can be described as newly industrialized are more dynamic with a production structure corresponding to shifts in international division of labor, and where manufacturing plays an important role (Chowdhury 2). There have been many explanations for Korea’s successful story. Among those, the strong role of government would be probably the most important one. At the same time, this would be also responsible for current recession. After Koran war, the government in fact had no sense of direction a... ...cumulation. Controlling exchange rate is another good example to describe the effect of government’s role on Korean economic development. Economic growth in this period was result by an increase in export and output and as well as price level. With this historical review of one of the Asian countries and their development it is imporant to understand how the financial institutions involved operate. even though they were blamed as a major cause of Asian financial crisis happened in Korea brining the country to the brink of insolvency, as well as weak banking system, in fact, they could be victims of misleading government policy. The long term close relationship between government and big business creating rent and using them with unbalanced support between industries had worked well in the early stage of development, but as stated early, rent can bring corruption of bureaucracy or industries also, since it is caused by inefficiency. Allocation of financial resources is not an easy job, but this would be best time for Korea to consider again about the efficiency of closed relationship between the government and businesses while the country is restructuring its economy system.

Advertising Billboards Essay

Everywhere you look these days you see a billboard or advertisement selling or promoting a product, it’s inevitable. You get in your car to go somewhere and look out the window and you are surrounded by them or you open a magazine and every other page is an ad promoting something. You walk into a store or public place and at every turn there is something staring you in the face. Since billboards are so big and visible from a distance they are hard to miss. It’s basically shoved in our faces without us having a choice, but to look and glance at it. Since we are exposed to this and this is something that everyone goes through on a daily basis, we tend to ignore a lot of it until something catchy or interesting catches your eye. Advertisements make things more appealing and make us more inclined to buy products. With the amount of competitors out there selling the same products, advertisement companies try and beat them out by coming up with attention getting ads. Advertisements these days seeming have more and more sexual content in them making them borderline inappropriate to fully inappropriate and unnecessary. See more: Experiment on polytropic process Essay This can be a negative effect on the public causing image issues and men and women being degraded. By using sexual innuendos and images, advertising companies are catching the attention of the public in bad and negative ways. Most advertising ads, whether on T. V. or on a billboard have some aspect and sort of sexual content involved. Many billboards or advertisements have a sexual hint in the message which may be taken literally and figuratively. They have two meanings depending on how you take it. It is usually a simple everyday product with a statement or saying to catch your attention. For example while looking at ads online, I came across an ad for a Toms Ford Fragrance. This ad contains a woman with red lipstick and red nail polish, she is clearly naked as she holds her breasts and the bottle of cologne is in between them. Now this woman has nothing to do with the cologne whatsoever, but I bet she helped sell a lot of the product which is directed at men. Why was it necessary to have her half naked in the ad? Because sex sells. Another ad and billboard I came across was for Ace Hardware. You have the Ace logo in the right corner and on the left in white writing against a black backdrop reads, â€Å"Need a good screw? Now this has a double meaning, you can take it literally as in needing a screw for maybe a project or something around the house or figuratively in a sexual way and meaning sex. Are these forms of advertising necessary, no, but it catches people’s attention and aids in selling and getting their product out there. Nudity has even become a major component in selling. Advertisement companies may think sex sells so they glorify it and use it. Yes, it helps to sell the product, but what affect does that have on society. Sex often has nothing to do with the product. If you look at clothing ads for top selling companies, it’s normal to see a woman or a man posing in a pair of jeans with their shirts off standing with their â€Å"perfect† bodies. Or you’ll see a woman in a bathing suit advertising for a hamburger company. Why do they need their shirts off or why does she need to be in a bathing suit? Because again sex sells. They are not completely naked but there is a lot of skin showing. This can create image problems in our society and make us self conscious as we try to strive to be like what they see in the ad or on TV. It causes body issues as you want your body to look like theirs, skinny and toned. Self esteem is a major issue that our younger generations are faced with especially in girls as they try and look like these women. For decades advertisers have come up with an â€Å"ideal† for the perfect woman. This woman represents what five percent of women look like, yet this body type represents 98% percent of the women seen in the media (Kilbourne). People look at themselves and compare themselves with what they see and tend to want to emulate it. Seeing these ads over and over with people you may want to look like can distort your thinking. You may start to dress like these ads and in turn are showing more skin because you think this is acceptable since it’s all you see around you. Or if you see a new product being advertised you want you go out and buy it not really needing it, but just want it because it’s the new â€Å"it† item, you can become never satisfied with things because you’re constantly out buying the new stuff. Sex appeal is a factor because would you buy something from someone who is considered less attractive? No, would be a common answer to some because our surroundings and being are built on looks and we are a very vain society where looks matter. So with companies having this way of thinking, how do others view this? They most likely are thinking the same thing. From commercials to infomercials you see beautiful people posing and acting selling something you may want. It can and may degrade men and women. Men are shown in these ads, but if you notice it’s mostly women who seem to be objectified to sell the products. Women are widely seen as sex symbols, so why not use them in ads. It’s become so common to see women half dressed that I don’t think we really realize what is being put out there. It has become a norm to see raunchy or inappropriate billboards and laugh. Many don’t see it as degrading, but as funny and entertaining. So imagine if we find humor in the ads and billboards now, just how far will the companies go to push the envelope to sell something. Using men and women in these ads in sexual ways only objectives them and we shouldn’t have to see them that way just to sell a product. Using â€Å"sex sells† is sending a bad message to the public. I think we should change our way of advertising and censor the ads a bit. Be considerate and respectful and realize that that ad might offend someone. There are a lot of people who feel these ads are wrong and shouldn’t be advertized. In fact, numerous women and men contacted the organization National Organization of Women (NOW) to complain about the sexist beer ads that for example were ran during the football season (NOW). NOW is just one of many organizations out there fighting for the cause of changing advertisements. So with people on board of changing the way billboards and ads are being presented and put out there we will one day see a change or at least see a reduction in the sexual ads out there. We as a society should see what is being put out there and see that what they are promoting is only a product.

Gates Essay - 1494 Words

Gates Bill Gates co-founded Microsoft in 1975 and served as its Chief Executive Officer form the time the original partnership was incorporated in 1981 until January 2000. Then he resigned as Chief Executive Officer and took on the position of Chief Software Architect. Mr. Gates has served as Chairman of the Board since the company’s incorporation. Bill Gates is recognized as the youngest self-made billionaire in history. His windows operating system, runs the vast majority of personal computers throughout the United States. It is obvious that it takes a certain type of person to successfully create and maintain such a profitable organization. However, when closely examined, Gates’ leadership characteristics are somewhat surprising.†¦show more content†¦Perhaps the most extreme example of this is within the Microsoft camp were the so-called Bill Clones, extremely brilliant, young, and recent college graduates, who were hired as managers. So strong was the adm iration of Gates that these young men began to emulate their leader in almost every way. Jeff Raikes soon had the patented Gates mannerisms down pat. Raikes was quickly named Clone Number One in Microsoft circles. A Stanford MBA, Raikes had migrated from Cupertino, where he had headed up the software effort on the ill-fated Apple III and had gained a reputation as a firefighter for taking on tough software assignments. Gates uses extraordinary discretion when hiring applicants to work for Microsoft. He wants to ensure that every single person shares the same prospectus for the corporation, yet in their own way, have personal beliefs that they are willing to stubbornly stick to. His aim is not to create clones within the organization, but to stockpile it with as much imaginative genius has possible. It is only a credit to his charismatic qualities that such extremely bright people wish to emulate Gates in every way. Bill Gates is moody, and he is the first to admit it. Gates’ temperament can sometimes cause him to be an inefficient leader, especially when it affects his listening. One of Gates administrative assistants, Estelle Mathers, had this to say about the CEO’s personality. Bill is moody. He told somebody once thatShow MoreRelatedBill Gates1393 Words   |  6 PagesBill Gates and His Computer Empire Just past 9 PM on October 28, 1955, the man who would revolutionize the computer industry as we know it, was born. The son of Bill Jr. and Mary Gates was named William Henry Gates III. The computer super-genius was soon to take his place in history. Within the last fifteen years the company that he and Paul Allan started, Microsoft, has become the largest software corporation in the computer industry. What is Bill Gates background, and how did he preserve hisRead MoreBill Gates998 Words   |  4 PagesBill Gates When one thinks of computer software, one must think of Microsoft. 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